4. Gwenwlydd   The man who betrayed Roland in the Charlemagne legends.

29. hobi hors   A wooden horse, similar perhaps to the Mari Lwyd, and the hobby horse was a kind of game played at fairs. It is likely to have been a pagan tradition, and dancing and playing with a hobby horse is still a tradition in some English towns.

35. organ ym Mangor   The cathedral at Bangor. Dafydd also referred to the cathedral in 'Love's Spears' (127.6), stating that the church is consecrated to St. Deiniol. It is likely that this is the first reference to the new organ at Bangor, and there is a suggestion that the parishioners made a donation to buy the organ. There are no records referring to establishing the organ at Bangor, but there was an organ there by the sixteenth century, as there is a record referring to the organist's annual salary. It is likely to have been a primitive instrument with pipes and bellows: there is a reference in l. 40 to the lead, most likelt the pipes (or possibly weights for the bellows). There were organs in several of the English cathedrals by the end of the thirteenth century, see Stephen Bicknell, The History of the English Organ (Cambridge, 1996), 17.

48 Ardudful   There are several differing versions for the name of Dafydd ap Gwilym's mother in the manuscripts, possibly because it was an unusual name. The bardic debate is the only evidence.